Within the framework of the mitigation policies of the pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus and the prevention of the COVID-19 disease, violence between peers and through electronic networks emerges as a central issue on the agenda of the rulers and ruled [1].

In particular, the World Health Organization (WHO) has denounced the emergence of a collateral pandemic to that of the coronavirus and that consists of spreading false news. assaults on health professionals, authorities and citizens known as an infodemic. It is a violence consisting of impersonation of people when spreading false news that seeks to discredit integrity, ignorance of merits, physical sexual attribution, harassment of users and ridicule of their actions.

Violence takes place at any time, circumstance or relationship [2]. According to reports by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the prevailing violence against women is homicide, domestic work and machismo [3]. It is estimated that every 35 hours a woman dies from any of the three dimensions of violence. 80% of crimes are committed in victims' homes, the perpetrators are ex-couples between 30 and 45 years old. 64% of femicides derive from a marital difference [4]. These murders are committed by ex-couples, at home and after five years of marriage [5].

Thus, in the context of the confinement of people, the study of interpersonal violence is the objective of this work. From the theoretical, conceptual and empirical review, the categories related to Internet violence are modeled. Their approach is presented in a descriptive and interpretive method, as well as the discussion of these findings with the state of the question.

Theory of Inter Personal Violence

In the context of the pandemic caused by the SARS- COV -2 coranavirus and the COVID-19 disease, the confinement of people brought with it an escalation of interpersonal violence [6]. The differences between men and women are observed reflected in the intensive use of electronic social networks. Some pathologies such as harassment, discredit, ridicule, neglect and sexism proliferate during quarantine.

Moving into another issue, that feticide can be explained from the theory of dating violence according to which, after a period of coexistence that may have been in Whereas, the theory of intimate partner violence only explained in general terms the vicious circle between two people who are not always related to female identity. In this sense, the theory of gender violence explained in more detail aggression towards women, because it raises levels of aggression ranging from comments to injury [7]. 

At the first level, the theory of gender violence proposes the study of the objectification of women which is to highlight physical attributes of the female gender identity regarding masculine identity but ignores other merits or talents of the person reified. Although the theory of sexual objectification focuses on the female body, ignores the social determinants gender violence, since the construction of human aesthetic is a set of symbols and meanings of social and historical order which was further developed in some latitudes than in others [8]. 

Therefore, in the second level relative to psychological abuse, the theory of gender violence holds that comparisons of the mature body with respect to the young body indicates a systematic strategy of ridiculing the purpose of committing a breach of trust, sexual or economic [9]. 

Finally, on the third level of the emerging aggression and systematic abuse it is a conditioning by the person committing the crime, as yells and insults are understood by the victim as a punishment for their actions or lack thereof. At this level, social determinants such as invisible machismo because it is considered that aggression is a punishment for misconduct or lack thereof [10].

The theory of gender violence and the theory of sexual objectification explain the three levels of aggression perpetrators infringe regarding female identity, but historical changes and social factors from which it is possible to explain the construction of violence against women [11]. 

The theory of gender violence addresses hates attacks on women from the socialization of female and male roles, highlighting male leadership versus female submission [12]. Sexism and machismo that highlight vigilance, punishment, conformity and obedience exemplify the asymmetries between men and women [13].

The theory of the culture of violence suggests that companies are aggressive and abusive by nature because they are in a competition for the control of resources around which women have been comfortable , the care and maintenance of the competitor man and manager of the resources [14]. 

In this sense, the theory of sexism in general and theory of ambivalent sexism, emphasize the importance of the role of women would have on the competitive education and training of leaders. It is a process in which care, affection and service women are oriented to the formation of male capabilities for command, control and / or monitoring [14]. 

Thus, leadership theory explains the formation of decision makers seeking to maximize profits and reduce profits whenever there is a culture of violence where the logic of violence is legitimized as an ideology of success and the use of aggression as an instrument of power [15]. 

The theory of social gender violence explained in greater depth, detail aggression and historical systematic abuses of male identity on female identity [16].

If gender identity is the result of a categorization of attributes and a choice of Belonging to a group in power, Then the social theory of gender violence stands as the focus of discussion to the ideology That values the masculine attributes and devalues women's when they do not mean a sexual object [15]. 

In academia, we can see the reflection of the problem of violence against women. From knowledge networks, it is possible to investigate not only the differences between the genders, but also the theoretical postulates put forward in order to anticipate the cycles of violence and designing a prevention model in groups that are on the verge of life shared and therefore exposed to the cycle of violence [17]. 

In summary, the theoretical and conceptual frameworks that explain intersubjective violence highlight two levels of analysis related to:

• supremacy of masculinity over other gender identities

• traditional sexism that highlights the asymmetries between gender identities

• ambivalent sexism as an instrument of power, recognizing only traditional attributes of genders and ignoring their merits that threaten machismo and traditional sexism

Studies of Intersubjective Violence

In confinement scenarios, classical studies of violence warn of a close relationship between frustration and aggressiveness as a continuous axis of conflict between gender identities [18]. It is in this situation that two behaviors emerge, one depressive and the other anxious that will explain the effects of confinement on intersubjective differences.

Self-control understood as self-worth, self-efficacy, and self-determination are known to be explanatory categories of violent relationships between confined persons [19]. In this logic, studies have shown that low levels of self-control generate high degrees of anxiety, causing a vicious circle of conflict between the parties involved.

Those differences between gender identities are exacerbated when their relationships are diversified and intensified through technologies, devices and electronic networks such as Facebook, Periscope, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube or WhatsApp. In this scenario of information trafficking, false news and expressions of hatred, the so-called infodemic emerges as an Internet agenda [20].

Studies of Internet violence have revealed symbolic and significant structures of hate speech among gender identities with respect to the disavowal of cooperative, fraternal or solidarity virtues [21]. The enhancement of the supremacy of the individual has exacerbated private security, redefining public and citizen security as scenarios for contention of homicides, extortions, kidnappings, violations or negligence attributable to the State.

If Internet security is distinguished by its level of specialization and sophistication in the analysis of espionage, impersonation, theft or extortion, private security delves into the reasons why people try to prevent crime through assistive, emergency or denounce with your authorities [22]. In this area, recent findings show that private security does not necessarily precede Internet security. in fact, they coexist, but they can also be disconnected despite protecting family or individual assets۔

Other investigations alluding to the security of institutions with public interest such as health, reveal meanings around prolonged confinement with repercussions on levels of anxiety and depression that anticipate risks of self-destruction, depersonalization and prolonged stress [23].

In your case, citizen security embodied in consumer protection in the services that the governed approach or distance themselves from their authorities, is related to Internet security in the process of an identity and the service contract in sectors without cultures Digital are supplanted by extortionists or criminals in the management of public trusts [24].

The difference between public, citizen and private security with respect to Internet security consists in the intensive use of technologies for the processing of data or information that safeguards identity and personal integrity, although in the public sphere such data is abundant protect those who do not adhere to the profile of victims of extortion or fraud [21].

According to the studies on security, Internet scopes emerged due to the risks that private, citizen and public security do not attend to or ignore, such as harassment or discrediting personal prestige and reputation. In the same logic, the privatization of security is a response to the gaps in institutions when it comes to anticipating extortion of people [6].

In sum, studies of violence and public, citizen, private and Internet security converge on; 

• Taxonomy of the actors considered victims, perpetrators and inciters 

• Attributions of victimizers to male identities based on their self-control and indicated by their degree of frustration and aggression, as well as hatred towards victims embodied in other gender identities

• Symbols and meanings related to the structural power that society confers on the perpetrators

Modeling the Categories of Internaut Violence

From a theoretical, conceptual and empirical review it is possible to model the relationships between the categories related to interpersonal violence with an emphasis on relationships mediated by some technology, device or electronic network. 

The nomenclature of neural networks is ascribed to the systemic model of data input, processing and output. In the case of the study of violence, the idealization, contemplation and planning of acts harmful to the integrity and dignity of persons, such as harassment, ridicule, discredit, extortion, theft of identity, fraud or the lack of reputation and prestige of people.

In this way, the modeling of the categories reviewed in the theoretical, conceptual and empirical literature warns of idealization, contemplation and planning as central axes of the discourses and narratives of analysis. These processes are present in the actors; victims, perpetrators and instigators. 

Neural networks not only warn the degree of learning of violence by perpetrators, victims and spectators, but also proposes the analysis of the synaptic weight or the speed of learning that is an aggression or a defense [25].

Neural networks suggest that any information that describes or explains violence, the parties involved generate schemes to process the data and use them in their speeches about the discussion, agreements and responsibility for violence [26].

In the case of gender violence, this suggests the involvement of the parties involved even when no differences or acts of violence are observed, but if a scenario prone to the exercise of violence is observed, as is the case of the lack of self-control , frustration or lack of common resources.

This is the case of the Institutions of Higher Education (HEI) that are distinguished for being scenarios of information dissemination in digital networks and through technologies and electronic devices [27].

The violence that is observed in Social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, WhatsApp, Periscope or SnapChat consists of stalking, stashing, bullying and sexting, as well as the risks of identity theft or impersonation. Universities are dissemination scenarios because it is in their platforms, connections and networks that all types of violence are emitted between peers or towards authorities such as teachers and administrators, as well as between these actors and students [28].

Context. By virtue of the fact that discourse analysis centers its interest on the understanding of the meaning of a positioning, the technique of neural networks to unveil the symbolism of violence turns out to be pertinent since from the interrelation between stalking, trolling, stashing, bullying and sexting it will be possible to observe a resultant synaptic learning as a perpetrator, victim or potential spectator.

The relationship between stalking and trolling suggests a synaptic learning that would reveal itself in stalking discourses oriented towards provocation. It is a degree of systemic violence in which the perpetrator seeks to reverse his role with that of the victim so that the victim appears as the aggressor and exhume the perpetrator from all responsibility.

Consecutively, the link between trolling and stashing suggests that the potential aggressor seeks to provoke the victim's ignorance in order to exclude oneself from the asymmetric relationship and position the victim as a person unconcerned with his safety.

The association between stashing and bullying denotes a scenario of ignorance of violence, but of ridicule at a distance or hidden in such a way that it is imperceptible by the victim, again exhorting the aggressor from all responsibility.

The correlation between bullying and sexting connotes a potential perpetrator strategy based on the ridicule of sexual preferences or identities of potential victims, although not necessarily the diffusion of attributes would be linked to explicit contents of the sexuality of a potential victim.

The analysis of discourses can be relevant to reveal stalking, trolling, stashing, bullying and sexting, although a direct approach to these narratives involves the risk of inferring meanings of victimization or relative to exhume the responsibility of the perpetrator.

This is how the Delphi technique allows to infer the meanings of discourses from contextual, comparative and integral filters in order to observe differences between the types of violence, as well as their interrelations oriented to a spiral of violence.

The Delphi technique is distinguished by its comparative structure of information, processing, inference and integration of meanings, although if the actors are considered; perpetrators, victims and bystanders or instigators, the theme assumes phases; precontemplation, complacency, planning, perpetration and systematization of violence.

Participants. A non - experimental, exploratory and interpretive study was conducted, including a non - probabilistic and intentional selection of 15 students whose parents are separated and 15 women whose parents are held together. 

Instruments. The Self-Control Scale (SCS-16) ponders the perceptual and dispositional dimensions against or in favor of violence. It is about aversion and the propensity to violent lifestyles, although recent research has shown an ambivalence that would explain why individuals with high self-control can move towards a state of unprecedented violence in their personal history.

It is a latent violence that for the SCS-16 turns out to be the greatest contribution of the individualist perspective, although it is known that frustration is a forerunner of violence and this is generated in the interrelation between people, suggesting a level of interpersonal analysis .

The Scale of Interpersonal Frustration (SIF-21) measures the relations of violence that occur in asymmetric people in which the power of decision-making is concentrated in a single pole, although its dimensions refer to harassment, stalking, the stashing or the discredit as a result of a goal not achieved task executed or goal not achieved.

Low self-control and high frustration in situations of scarcity of common goods such as energy or water anticipates a spiral of violence or struggle for resources. This phenomenon has been known as State Violence in which a regime of government, governmental form or political system exerts its power of coercion to reduce the differences of civil strife [27].

The Political Authoritarianism Scale (PAS-28) measures the propensity of a state leader to exercise his capacity for initiative, decision and coercion towards sectors hostile to the government regimen, public policies, supply strategies or resource distribution programs.

In general, the SCS-16, the SIF-21 and the PAS-28 do not distinguish between the violence that is exerted towards a specific sector of society from different social sectors such as gender violence.

The instruments that measure gender-based violence focus on the choice of situations of risk, prospective decision and loyalty as predictors of a violent relationship [29].

The Ambivalent Sexism Slave (SAS-12) raises beliefs, intentions and behaviors that orient and exacerbate gender differences, particularly measures violence against a vulnerable female sector, but discards a spiral of violence considering that ambivalent sexism is the maximum degree of violence that can be exercised towards a vulnerable sector ...

Some alternative proposals to the SAS-12 complement the dimensions and social scenarios in which not only a spiral of violence but of learning is exercised. Neural network analyzes distinguish between a spiral of deliberate violence from an emergent one, planned from an unforeseen and systematic to a casual one.

The Scale of Stalking on Facebook (SSF-21) warns three dimensions related to the remote monitoring of the victim, the monitoring through a third person or the direct monitoring of the victim, but when relating to acts of aggression his explanatory power is spurious.

The Twitter Trolling Scale (TTS-18) suggests three dimensions related to the propagation of false information, the diffusion of altered or manipulated images and the communication of phrases attributed to the victims, but the daily occurrence of these expressions seems to counteract the prediction of an aggressor intentionality.

The Inventory of Stashing on Facebook (ISF-16) suggests two dimensions related to the propensity of contacts to ignore the attributes or merits of the victim, but when linked to the intention of attacking a person's values ​​are negative. That is, the greater the awareness, the less the aggression.

The Bullying Scale on Facebook (BSF-15) suggests three dimensions related to the expectation, the incitement and the harassment, although none seems to be related to an aggressive and systematic behavior of a perpetuating power for a probable victim.

The Sexting Scale on WhatsApp (SSW-12) suggests two factors linked to the dissemination and reception of unwanted images, but its predictive power of systematic, continuous and planned violence is close to zero.

Therefore, the SSF-21, TTS-18, ISF-16, BSF-15 and SSW-12 can be agglutinated in the analysis of neural networks to observe the interrelation between stalking, stashing, trolling, bullying and sexting since the technique allows to observe in different moments the degree of learning of each violent pathology according to the informative reagents or available stimulative items.

However, the reliability and validity of the scales reviewed has not been demonstrated in probabilistic sampling, so work is being carried out on content validity based on the qualitative analysis of the concepts included in the instruments, as well as the assurance that these are words that are understandable to the study samples [30].

The instruments that measure the phenomenon of violence have been constructed from an individual, interindividual or group approach where self-control, frustration or scarcity of resources are highlighted as determinants of violent actions [26]. Matrix discourse analysis related to intimate partner violence, marriage counseling and social change.

Process. Researcher conducted interviews in the department of psychology at the public university. Participants are guaranteed the confidentiality of information and were informed that the study results do not directly or indirectly affect their academic status as only sought to investigate some related to the experience of living with parents ' speeches separately or together. The information was processed in the Analysis Package Neural Networks. 

Analysis. This technique estimates the inputs or requests for information and its relationship with the outputs of information or knowledge. It consists of a flexible structure that predicts the knowledge around a topic considering the entry of relevant information. The graph of the neural network includes a balance of entries and information processing, as well as a prospective decision based on the differences found. Synaptic weights are storing information and knowledge learned. 

This technique is part of the neural network analysis and is used to calculate the relationship between inputs and outputs information. The results show ed that the technique can be a freed forward architecture where unidirectional connections prevail without feedback. The layers resulting from the estimation are

• Input layers or predictors

•  Hidden layer or unobservable or latent nodes

• Output layer or prospective -knowledge expected responses

Three Layers of input factors relating to group membership, couples- therapy and partner - relationship, latent and prospective -expectations change the relationship, the spouse change or change staff. 

We can see that the latent layer with 10 units or nodes of hidden knowledge reflects the impact of perceptions about the marital relationship of parents, relations of intimate partner violence and couple therapy required.

The output layers show expectations about marital relations violence (synaptic weight = 0.320). That is, the sample of students, from parental groups to which they belong, the relations of partner perceived violence and required therapies seem to set a different prospective and less than the perceived violence. 

Such findings support the structure of the knowledge network in which 50% of the weighted synapse is explained by the relationship between pre - contemplation, contemplation and action of personal change (see Table 1).

The neural network (multilayer perceptron) shows higher percentages of synaptic weight in the complacency that explains the degree of expectation of stalking, trolling, stashing, bullying and sexting. This is so because the participants seem to focus their discourse on their positioning as spectators rather than as perpetrators and victims. More important is to note that learning seems to focus on expectation rather than on victimization or perpetration in the participants interviewed.

Planning is an instance that suggests a probable intentionality to carry out a violent action or at least to execute an aggression that in the case of the informants seems to focus on future violence if the interrelationships between the learning of the continuous phases with what was planned .

Once the synaptic weights of learning about the rolls around violence were established, we proceeded to observe the structure of trajectories between the established factors in order to anticipate possible learning scenarios, as well as to predict probable routes of apprehension of the meaning of the violence, considering the interrelation between the actors; perpetrators, victims and spectators.

The structure of relations between excerpts from the discourse of violence with respect to the constructions of the meanings between precontemplation, contemplation, planning, action and the systematization of violence suggests a building on the learning of violence between the phases and the actors involved.

Table 1: Structure of knowledge of the prospective violence

Dependent variable: Expectation Note: Elaborated with data study

The construction of the meaning of violence in the interviewees seems to be carried out from the roles learned and the assimilated phases of the violence, although the learning of a specific role will depend on other interactions with experiences and situations that reduce or increase the degree of learning the violence.

The contribution of this work lies in the interpretation of networks of idealization, stalking and planning of violence from discursive extracts. Although the research design limits the results to the participants, the extension of the work towards the influence of the media as instigators is suggested. The diversification of these roles will reveal the meanings of advertisements and images about the reproduction of violence.

In relation to the theory of interpersonal violence which highlights the asymmetries between the perpetrators and victims, the present work has revealed the meanings of idealization, stalking and planning speeches also attributable to instigators. Research lines related to the diversification of these mediating roles of the symbolization of violence will reveal the relationships between the roles in order to observe their meaning structure.

Regarding studies of intersubjective violence, which highlight the sophistication of violence through electronic technologies, devices, and networks, this research has revealed the learning process in which asymmetrical relationships between the parties involved are forged. The dismemberment of this learning will allow observing the emergence of new roles that reflect the complexity of violence on the Internet.

In relation to the modeling of the categories of analysis supported by the input, processing and output of symbolizations or meanings, the present work has shown that such a phenomenon is diversified with three roles which can give rise to others if the institutes are diversified as defamatory information transfer means.

In the present study it was found that the knowledge network of partner violence lies in three phases on the idealization, stalking and planning. This means that the identity of the survey sample consists of a network of information that affects the decision to change from the recognition of situations of violence and expectations of relationships without violence. 

Psychological studies of intimate partner violence show that when the relationship is perceived as formal decisions, they are negotiated and agreed; but when the relationship is assumed to be superfluous, then decisions are delegated to the couple. 

Molina, Llamas andGarcia [31] demonstrated that Internet harassment is linked to learning the roles of perpetrator and victim. It is a risk aversion that would be linked to the learning of potential victims of violence on the Internet and the propensity to risk associated with a potential perpetration of violence in social networks.

In the present work, the interrelation between the discourses that reveal the positioning of spectators was greater than that of potential victims and perpetrators, suggesting a learning centered on information related to testimonies, experiences or events that distance the informant from the other actors, but that reveals a legitimization, recreation and apology of violence.

Mejia, Quezada and Garcia [32] focused their attention on the re - adaptation as a result of the convergence between negotiations, commitment and responsibilities built between perpetrators of violence and police actors, although in the present work the concept of re - adaptation was not observed it is possible to warn that the follow-up of the cases would be the most likely factor for the interviewed participants since their meaning of expectation seems to be related to the surveillance of the violence.

Mendoza, Carreon, Mejia and Garcia [33] observed a systemic violence of the state for potential victims of the suppression of public services and care for the elderly. They distinguished between the perpetration of violence against old age and violence against family members who depend on the service of public isolation in order to investigate the pathologies that arise when this right is suppressed by the beneficiaries.

In the present work, the systemic violence of the State can be related to the ascription that the informants carry out for the role of spectators. The advocacy of crime and violence that the official media carry out can result in a high level of audience and expectation

Future research concerning decisions partner should corroborate the findings of this study to deepen the type of relationship to conflict resolution. In this sense, the learning of a perpetrator, victimizer or expectation of violence role will depend on other situations, scenarios or experiences of the interviewees, although it will also be pertinent to observe the phases of the violence; pre - contemplative, contemplative, planned, active and systematic in relation to the availability of resources and the rule of law, public security action, the delivery of justice and the readjustment.

In this way, the technique of neural networks, multilayer perception and synaptic weight combined with the technique of inferential analysis of the Delphi meaning in its analysis rounds allows to reveal the constructed meaning of the violence before multiple phases, scanners and actors.

The applicability of neural networks in public safety policies lies in the explanation and anticipation of the emergence of multiple roles in a situation or event of risk, as well as in the observation of scenarios prone to the spiral of violence, but above all learning a role regardless of the psychological background of those involved.

In higher education institutions, the implementation of programs and strategies to prevent violence, as well as the promotion of risk-free lifestyles, implies neural networks that notice the spiral of violence and not only the absence or diminution of self-control or Increased frustration.

The intervention of social work in universities suggests a diagnosis of neural networks, as well as the assimilation of a meaning around the scenarios, phases and roles of violence.

It is a follow-up to the cases of low self-control, high frustration and relative scarcity of resources moderators of violence in social networks and the emergence of new roles in Facebook, Twitter, SnapChat, WhatsApp, YouTube or Periscope. Because these network technologies advance rapidly, the roles tend to merge and the resulting ambivalence involves more sophisticated analysis techniques such as the mining of opinions, texts and data that offer a comprehensive perspective of the risk scenario.

Therefore, strategic actions to prevent the apology of violence, as well as to re - signify roles and learn new risk-free forms of interaction will be essential factors for the intervention of social work.

The objective of this study was to reveal the meaning of violence in key informants that were ascribed and positioned in a narrative of expectation rather than perpetration or victimization, although the design of the research limits the findings to the interview scenario, suggesting the extension of the work to the symbols of apology and legitimization of the violence diffused in the media of communication.

In relation to the state of the matter, the investigation of violence on the Internet involves the use of sophisticated analysis techniques that allow us to infer the meaning of the roles, phases and scenario of violence in successive rounds.

Regarding the technique of Delphi analysis and neural networks, it will be necessary to compare them with the mining of opinions, texts and data to investigate the differences and similarities in terms of the interpretation of meanings and the positioning of constructions around violence.

Finally, in terms of intervention to prevent or reduce the relationships of violence in universities that are distinguished by access to social networks where diseases such as stalking, trolling, stashing, bullying and sexting prevail, it is pertinent to warn learning networks that are gestating to anticipate scenarios with spirals of violence.

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