Background: Safe drinking water is vital for preventing waterborne diseases, yet in India, contamination, improper storage, and low awareness drive illness, particularly in rural regions like Himachal Pradesh. This study aimed to evaluate public awareness of safe drinking water practices, waterborne diseases, and seasonal risks, focusing on rural communities, to identify knowledge gaps and barriers. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional online survey was conducted from January to March 2025, targeting adults aged 18–60 years in Himachal Pradesh. A bilingual (Hindi/English) questionnaire, hosted on Google Forms, assessed socio-demographic factors, knowledge of water safety and diseases, storage practices, and barriers. Using convenience sampling, 530 participants completed the survey. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics v27.0, with knowledge scores categorized as Very Good (≥80%), Good (60–79%), Fair (40–59%), and Poor (<40%). Results: Participants, primarily aged 18–35 years (73.2%) and female (55.1%), showed moderate awareness: 80.0% recognized filtration removes pathogens, 76.6% identified monsoon disease risks, and 85.1% noted awareness as a barrier. Gaps existed in container cleaning frequency (60.0%), clear water safety (61.9%), and asymptomatic contamination (63.8%). Knowledge levels were Very Good (27.7%), Good (45.8%), Fair (20.4%), and Poor (6.0%). Limited water access (32.6%) highlighted rural challenges. Conclusion: While awareness of water safety is improving, knowledge gaps and access barriers persist in Himachal Pradesh. Targeted education, infrastructure improvements, and rural outreach are crucial to reducing waterborne disease risks.