Tool Brigade and Machine Agriculture that is formed movement among element government, government regions, TNI ranks, institutions farmer as well as generation mover modernization agriculture expected could optimize distribution alsintan farmers (Ministry of Agriculture, 2017). From year year by consistent government always give Support in the form of help tool and Machine Agriculture (Alsintan) to farmer. Goals achieved is realization empowered, capable community and independent society to use realize Public prosperous farmer.

The village institution that was appointed to manage the alsintan assistance was the Alsintan Brigade or Gapoktan (Farmers Group Association) in many cases not yet able to optimally manage alsintan in their area or even not being utilized [1]. There are factors that cause non-optimal conditions, including not having an operator who is able to run the tool, or the incompatibility of the tool with land conditions. However, from the observations in the field, the non-optimal use of assisted machinery is also influenced by the lack of motivation for the performance of the Alsintan Brigade management to optimize the use of assisted machinery, as well as self-employed machinery service entrepreneurs who obtain machinery equipment at their own expense. In fact, the government has developed an agricultural machinery brigade with the aim of accelerating the adoption of agricultural machinery by farmers [2].

The development of machinery and equipment plays a major role in agricultural development and further increases farmers' income, as well as to overcome labor shortages, especially often during the harvest season, thus providing an opportunity to delay harvest time and have an impact on greater losses [3]. This, the authors are interested     in     evaluating    the    extent    to    which    the performance of Gapoktan/farmers in implementing agricultural machinery from the agricultural machinery brigade program in the research area so that through this research other farmers are encouraged and able to follow and follow up in their farming business.

Sidoarjo Regency is one of the regencies in East Java that received the Alsintan Brigade Program from the Central Government which through the 2017 State Budget has provided Alsintan to be operated and utilized by farmers in carrying out planting until harvesting simultaneously. Machinery equipment starting from pre-harvest to post-harvest is expected not only to be able to increase production and productivity as well as efficiency and effectiveness in farming, but also to be able to improve the economy of farming communities (Food and Agriculture Service of Sidoarjo Regency, 2017).

However, along the way, many obstacles faced by the Management of the Alsintan Brigade in an effort to manage and develop the Alsintan Brigade. Some of the common obstacles experienced by the Alsintan Brigade Management are first, the absence of members/operators from the Alsintan Brigade who are capable of running the Alsintan (generally Rice Transplanter and Combine Harvester) so that most of the Alsintan which should be managed by themselves, are only leased to operators from outside. Second, the management of the Alsintan Brigade is not good in terms of financial management and recording, so that the financial reports are not complete and detailed. Third, there are several areas in Sidoarjo Regency that still maintain the empowerment of human labor for planting and harvesting, so that the use of planting and harvesting machines cannot be optimal in that area. Fourth, the Alsintan Brigade Management finds it difficult to find new customers, so the area of their cultivation does not increase every year.

From the description of some of the problems above, it has a fairly serious impact on the Alsintan Brigade Program in Sidoarjo Regency. It can be proven that of the 10 (Ten) Alsintan Brigades formed in 2017 by the Food and Agriculture Service of Sidoarjo Regency, only 1 (One) Alsintan Brigade is able to run and develop optimally, namely in Singkalan Village, Balongbendo District (Food and Agriculture Service) Sidoarjo Regency, 2019).

This study aims to analyze what factors affect the performance of the Alsintan Brigade, to analyze the social and economic impacts caused by the Alsintan Brigade Program and to analyze the development of the Alsintan Brigade Program in Sidoarjo Regency.

Location study chosen purposively done with method take sample based on criteria certain in the district Sidoarjo where determination area study with method choose suitable location with destination or problem in study namely in 10 sub -districts (Balongbendo, Wonoayu, Prambon, Krembung, Porong, Tulangan, Tanggulangin, Buduran, Sukodono and Tarik). Election area study the on consideration because sub - districts the is recipient of the Alsintan Brigade Program in the District Sidoarjo. The population in this study were all participants   of   the   Alsintan   Brigade    program    in   10 sub-districts. According to Sugiyono [4] the sample is part of the number and characteristics possessed by the population. Researchers used purposive sampling method, namely the method of taking data source informants with certain considerations. To assist the research process, the selection of informants with certain considerations is those who have knowledge of the information needed. However, because the population is not large, the sampling technique uses the census technique where all members of the population are sampled, which is 28 people from the agricultural machinery brigade performance management and 2 people from the agricultural service.

To analyze the factors that affect the performance of the Alsintan brigade. By making a questionnaire where the results of filling out the questionnaire will be analyzed by grouping based on variables and scoring with a Likert scale. The data analysis technique in this study used Partial Least Square (PLS). PLS is a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model with an approach based on variance or component-based structural equation modeling. According to Ghozali and Latan [5], the purpose of PLS-SEM is to develop a theory or build a theory (prediction orientation). PLS is used to explain whether there is a relationship between latent variables (prediction). PLS is a powerful analytical method because it does not assume current data with a certain scale measurement, the number of samples is small [5]. PLS-SEM analysis consists of two sub-models, namely the measurement model or the outer model and the structural model or the inner model.

The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis, which is an analysis that aims to describe or describe an object of research through data that has been collected or by using information that has been obtained directly in the field. The data that has been obtained is described in a systematic and detailed manner, then compiled into a format that is easier to understand regarding the concrete social and economic impacts of the alsintan brigade.

Analysis of Alsintan Brigade Program Development is known by using descriptive analysis. This analysis describes the development or future planning carried out by the management in dealing with the Alsintan Brigade Program. Respondents presented suggestions and inputs that could be made to efficiently and effectively address the improvement and development of the existing Alsintan Brigade Program.

Factors Affecting the Alsintan Brigade Program in Sidoarjo Regency

Data analysis on study this test influence a number of variable independent to variable dependent as well as variable mediation. Test hypothesis conducted with Partial Least Square (PLS) method. Partial Least Square is method solving Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Study with title alsintan brigade performance in analyze research data use SEM analysis with application WarpPLS 5.0. steps in analyze data as following:

Outer Model

Data testing is done for knowing how much big influence variable independent to alsintan brigade performance for test data as following:

• Convergent Validity: Convergent validity of the measurement model with reflexive indicators can be seen from the correlation between item scores/indicators and construct scores. Individual reflective measure is said to be high if it has a correlation of more than 0.70 with the construct to be measured. The minimum value to declare that reliability has been achieved is 0.50. The results of the AVE test in this study were X1 to X7 worth 0.605 to 0.694 and Y was worth 1.00, the AVE value had exceeded 0.05. So that it meets the standard of the AVE value, namely the average extract variant with a value >0.5 is used as a determinant of convergent validity (Table 1)

• Discriminant Validity: Discriminant validity indicators can be seen in the cross loading between the indicators and their constructs. Variables with low loading values indicate that the indicator does not have a good effect on reflective indicators >0.7, while the formative variables of each variable provide the largest contribution to the construct. Variables with low loading values indicate that the indicator does not have a good effect on reflective indicators >0.7, while the formative variables of each variable provide the largest contribution to performance. The Table 2 shows that the correlation value of performance with the indicators is greater than the correlation value with other constructs. Thus, all constructs or latent variables already have good discriminant validity, where indicators in the performance indicator block are better than indicators in other blocks

• Composite Reliability and Cronbach's Alpha: A construct is declared reliable if it has a composite reliability value above 0.70 and Cronbach's alpha above 0.60. From the results of the SmartPLS output above, all constructs have a composite reliability value above 0.70 and Cronbach's alpha above 0.60. So it can be concluded that the construct has good reliability

Table 1: Average Variance External

Source: Primary data analysis, 2022

Table 2: Composite Reliability and Cronbach's Alpha

Source: Primary data analysis, 2022

Inner Model

The structural model in PLS is evaluated by using R the dependent variable and the path coefficient value for the independent variable which is then assessed for its significance based on the t-statistic value of each path. The results of the measurement model and structural model of this study can be seen in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Results of the Structural Model of Alsintan Brigade Performance

To assess the significance of the prediction model in testing the structural model, it can be seen from the path coefficient and p-values between the independent variables to the dependent variable in the Path Coefficient table in the SmartPLS output (Table 3).

Table 3: Path Coefficient and p-values

Source: Primary data analysis, 2022

Based on the results of data analysis, where the path coefficient value of ability and expertise (X1) 0.896 with p-values 0.812 on the performance of the alsintan brigade (Y). It can be  concluded  that  the  capability  and  expertisevariable X1 has a significant positive effect on the performance of the alsintan brigade, which means that the capabilities and expertise of the alsintan brigade program are highly considered by several parties, such as operator services and the government. This is because the management of the alsintan brigade is able to complete the task in accordance with the operational technical procedures of the alsintan brigade. However, there are several obstacles that occur in the implementation of the program that can be resolved, due to being able to optimize the capabilities that have been possessed on the knowledge that has been possessed during work.

Based on the results of data analysis, where the path coefficient of work motivation (X2) is 2.115 with P-values of 0.598 on the performance of the alsintan brigade (Y). Based on the results of the analysis showed that motivation had a significant effect on the performance of the Alsintan brigade. Work motivation is an important variable, where motivation needs to get great attention for the organization in improving the performance of the alsintan brigade. In the performance of the alsintan brigade, there are physical needs, incentives, potential development and actualization of the management so that the fulfilled needs will improve the performance of the alsintan brigade management. A person's motivation starts from the need, desire and urge to act in order to achieve the need or goal. In this case, the stronger the drive or motivation and enthusiasm, the higher the performance, so that the optimal machineries brigade program can be achieved. The results of this study are consistent with research by Agustin [6] and Marcahyono [7] which state that motivation has a significant effect on employee performance.
 

Based on the results of data analysis, where the path coefficient of job satisfaction (X3) is 1.449 with P-values of 0.721 on the performance of the alsintan brigade (Y). This shows that the level of job satisfaction of the alsintan brigade management has an effect on the performance of the alsintan brigade. Job satisfaction in this case can be seen from compensation, working conditions, government policies and development opportunities. By paying attention to job satisfaction in order to improve the performance of the alsintan brigade management and be able to maintain it. As expressed by Ningsih [8] states that job satisfaction and performance have a positive and significant influence, meaning that the higher the satisfaction received by the employee, the higher the employee's performance as well.

Based on the results of data analysis, where the coefficient of personality path (X4) is -0.148 with P-values of 0755 on the performance of the alsintan brigade (Y). It can be concluded that the personality variable X4 has no significant effect on the performance of the alsintan brigade. Personality arises because individuals have a lot of experience gained from their openness to new things that will affect individual activities. However, there are several obstacles that occur to the management of the Alsintan brigade, because they are not able to improve good attitudes and personalities such as work discipline and good commitment in the implementation of the Alsintan   brigade,   then   their   performance  will  also  be good and  vice  versa. The  results  of  this  study  do  not support the results of previous research conducted by Sya'baniah et al. [9] which thus both theoretically and practically indicate that personality has a positive influence on employee performance.

Based on the results of data analysis, where the coefficient value of the organizational environment path (X5) -0.054 with P-values of 0.989 on the performance of the alsintan brigade (Y). It can be concluded that the organizational environment variable X5 has no significant effect on the performance of the alsintan brigade. The organizational environment is one of the factors that can encourage performance improvement so that it can have implications for changes in future organizational leadership policies to pay more attention to the conditions of a more conducive organizational environment. However, in this case the management pays little attention and so far there have been no obstacles regarding the organizational environment so that they cannot fully assess the environment in the performance of the alsintan brigade. The results of this study do not support the results of previous research conducted by Sinadia [10] that organizational environmental factors have a significant or significant effect on employee performance.

Based on the results of data analysis, where the coefficient  value  of  the  facility  path (X6) is 1.224 with p-values of 0.742 on the performance of the alsintan brigade (Y). This shows that the level of facilities of the alsintan brigade management has an effect on the performance of the alsintan brigade. The facilities that have been provided by the alsintan brigade management greatly affect the performance of the alsintan brigade, the completeness of the facilities affects the respondent farmers in carrying out farming activities. Work facilities are a means to expedite and facilitate the implementation of functions. Facilities are also tools to distinguish one institution's program from other  competitors [11], in  this study the machinery and equipment facilities that have been provided are used for work and farmers can still carry out their farming activities.

Based on the results of data analysis, where the coefficient value of the field assistant path (X7) is 1.293 with p-values of 0.748 on the performance of the alsintan brigade (Y). It can be concluded that the auxiliary variable of the field force X7 has a significant effect on the performance of the alsintan brigade. The behavior of the field staff assistants in the performance of the alsintan brigade is measured by indicators of role, program design, institutional and mechanization development policies, the three indicators have been carried out well by the field worker assistants and the most influential regarding the frequency of assistance is very maximal. such as finding rice fields that can be done outside the village or sub-district.

Of the factors that affect the performance of the alsintan brigade, there are 5 factors that have a significant positive effect, namely ability and expertise, work motivation, job satisfaction, field staff assistants and facilities. Meanwhile, 2 factors that do not have a significant effect are personality and organizational environment. Factors - both factors that have no effect and influence must still be considered for improving the performance of the alsintan brigade in Sidoarjo Regency.

Analysis of the Social and Economic Impact of the Alsintan Brigade Program in Sidoarjo

Based on the results of the study, the author tries to analyze the Social and Economic Impact of the Alsintan Brigade Program in Sidoarjo Regency based on the understanding of several sources who have been interviewed by researchers by asking structured questions with a total of 30 farmers as respondents. Related to the social impact that shows changes in the use of farming tools with the Alsintan brigade program, both positively and negatively (Table 4).

Table 4: Positive and Negative Social Impacts of the Alsintan Brigade Program

Source: Primary data analysis, 2022

The economic impacts in this discussion include the economic impact on the program and non-program land use costs of the Alsintan brigade in Sidoarjo Regency. So that the economic impact in this discussion is a comparison that uses the Alsintan brigade program and the non-use of the Alsintan brigade program in the economic environment that occurs by an activity, namely the Alsintan Brigade program in Sidoarjo Regency.

From the Table 5, it can be seen that the land processing costs for the alsintan brigade program and the non-alsintan brigade program are Rp. 1,800,000 per hectare, in this case there is no difference because labor costs are still needed even though it has been assisted by tractor technology. Another economic impact at the time of planting rice is that there is a difference in the costs of the Alsintan brigade program and the non-alsintan brigade program, the respondent farmers who use the Alsintan brigade, the cost of planting rice is ±Rp. 3,000,000 per hectare, while the cost of planting rice for the non-alsintan brigade is ±Rp. 4,000. 000 per hectare. Rice harvesting expenses have different costs for the Alsintan brigade program and non-alsintan brigade program, respondent farmers who use the Alsintan brigade the cost of harvesting rice is ±Rp. 3,000,000 per hectare while the cost of harvesting non-alsintan brigade is ±Rp. 5,000,000 per hectare. The difference in the cost of harvesting rice is enough to reduce the cost of farming expenses by using a combine harvester.

Table 5: Economic Impact of Land Processing Costs to Harvest in Sidoarjo Regency

Source: Primary data analysis, 2022

Analysis of the Development of the Alsintan Brigade Program in Sidoarjo. Regency

The development of the alsintan brigade program according to the social and economic impacts of the alsintan brigade at the sub-district level of Sidoarjo Regency which according to the results of the analysis has more positive impacts than negative impacts. The machineries brigade institutionalization must be part of the (constitutional) rights of rural communities to build their own economic organization. In this perspective, the alsintan brigade institution must be an integral part of rural economic organizations whose formation and control are carried out by socio-economic actors in local villages. In the management of economic organizations, the management of the Alsintan brigade is carried out in a professional, modern and high-integrity manner. Therefore, it is necessary to build a management system that follows the principles of good governance, which among others is characterized by a transparent and accountable decision-making system, fair sharing system, and democratic problem solving.

Based on study The Performance of the Alsintan Brigade in the District Sidoarjo who has conducted so could concluded that influencing factors positive significant alsintan brigade performance that is variable ability and skill, motivation work, satisfaction work, facilities and accompaniment power roomy with score each 0.896; 2,115; 1,449; 1,224; 1,239 where more of p-values. Whereas factors that are not take effect significant that is personality and environment organization with score -0.148 and -0.054, respectively where more small p-values. Impact social the performance of the machineries brigade in the district Sidoarjo that is interesting generation young in the sector agriculture, work farming more efficient and effective and replace power work in the sector less agriculture, especially in the district Sidoarjo. Impact economy the performance of the machineries brigade in the district Sidoarjo that is cost processing land, plant paddy until harvest paddy Becomes more low. Development the performance of the machineries brigade in the district Sidoarjo that is Addition means and infrastructure alsintan need plus, Availability energy countryside, Service alsintan brigade manager in fund management, Management machineries operator services based on resource rural local and Professionalism power work in rural areas, especially group young.

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