Background Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a debilitating condition prevalent in rural areas, often worsened by limited knowledge and inappropriate self-management. This study investigates public perceptions, knowledge, and self-care practices for CLBP among Kangra, Himachal Pradesh residents, and examines demographic influences on awareness. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 500 adults was conducted in Kangra from Jan to March 2025, using a structured questionnaire on socio-demographics, CLBP knowledge, and self-care behaviors. Knowledge was classified as Exceptional (≥80%), Proficient (60%–79%), Fair (41%–59%), or Limited (<40%). Statistical analyses explored demographic associations with knowledge scores. Results: Awareness was moderate, with 37.2% showing "Exceptional" and 38.8% "Proficient" knowledge. While 84.6% identified poor posture as a risk factor and 81.2% recognized exercise benefits, gaps existed: only 64.8% understood weight management’s role, and 62.4% knew to avoid prolonged sitting. Rural and less-educated participants exhibited lower awareness. Conclusion: Despite reasonable understanding, critical deficiencies in CLBP knowledge and self-care practices highlight the need for targeted education and improved healthcare access in rural Kangra to reduce pain burden and enhance well-being.