Reference Style

APA style suggests using a reference list for references cited in the text of a paper rather than a bibliography. A reference list includes only those references which were actually cited in the text of one's paper. There must be total agreement between the two. (See an example of a reference list on the last page). A bibliography includes all literature consulted which was "immediately relevant" to the research process, even though the material was not cited in the text of one's paper.

When compiling a reference list one needs to pay particular attention to the following:

• Sequence; 2) punctuation and spacing; 3) capitalization; and 4) underlining.

ORDER OF REFERENCES IN THE REFERENCE LIST

• Arrange entries in alphabetical order by surname of the first author.
• Single-author entries precede multiple-author entries beginning with the same surname: Kaufman, J. R. (1981). Kaufman, J. R., & Cochran, D. C. (1978).
• References with the same first author and different second or third authors are arranged alphabetically by the surname of the second author, and so on: Kaufman, J. R., Jones, K., & Cochran, D. F. (1982). Kaufman, J. R., & Wong, D. F. (1978)
• References with the same authors in the same order are arranged by year of publication, the earliest first: Kaufman, J. R., Jones, K. (1977). Kaufman, J. R., Jones, K. (1980).
• The order of several works by different authors with the same surname is arranged alphabetically by the first initial: Eliot, A. L. (1983). Eliot, G. E. (1980).