srjmsSRJMSSRJMS2788-9483https://doi.org/10.47310/srjms.2024.v0i402.005Estimation Of Hba1c in Non-Diabetic Patients with Myocardial InfarctionTamarahRiyadhSabeehM.Sc. Medical Biochemistry, Kirkuk Health Directorate, Iraq.Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and is linked to increased mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the in-hospital outcomes for diabetic patients experiencing acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are not well understood. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) serves as a reliable marker for long-term glucose regulation. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) and prediabetes in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction patients Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Coronary Care Unit of Azadi Teaching Hospital from April 2023 to July 2023, focusing on the relationship between glycemic indices and cardiovascular risk among non-diabetic individuals. A cohort of 51 non-diabetic patients, aged 31-91 years, including 44 males and 7 females, was selected from the Duhok Governorate. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire to gather demographic and medical history information, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking habits, and hyperlipidemia. Serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and serum triglycerides were recorded. Cardiovascular events were diagnosed using criteria from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC). Patients were stratified into three groups based on HbA1c levels: Group 1 (<5.7), Group 2 (5.7-6.4), and Group 3 (≥6.5). Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was identified in individuals with elevated fasting and random glucose levels and an HbA1c level above 6.5%. Blood pressure was measured to evaluate cardiovascular risk, highlighting the interaction between glycemic indices, traditional risk factors, and cardiovascular outcomes. Venous blood was collected and analyzed for serum glucose, cholesterol, and HDL-C levels.  Results: The results showed that the majority of patients were aged ≥50 years (78.4%), predominantly male (86.3%), and a significant portion were smokers (64.7%). About one-third had a history of hypertension (35.3%), while few had a history of coronary heart disease (3.9%). Approximately one-third had a family history of diabetes (33.3%), and over half were hypertensive (56.9%). Most patients had normal fasting blood sugar levels (74.5%), with a significant portion being pre-diabetic (31.4%) and a majority being non-diabetic (52.9%). A small proportion had high total cholesterol (21.6%), while a notable portion had high triglyceride levels (64.7%). Additionally, a considerable number of male patients had low HDL levels (47.1%), with a smaller fraction of female patients having low HDL levels (13.7%). The study highlights the importance of screening for undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes in STEMI patients to better manage and mitigate cardiovascular risk.