iarjmsIARJMSIARJMS2708-3594https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjms.2021.v02i01.080Haematological Effect of Rivaroxaban: Myelosuppression is A Dangerous Unknown Effect?GiovanniFazioFESCFEACVIFHFARivaroxaban is a Xa factor inhibitor; it is prescribed for non-valvular atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. We retrospectively reviewed all our patients treated from June 2012 to February 2016 with rivaroxaban (Xarelto®, Bayer HealthCare AG, Wuppertal, Germany). In our experience we follow more then 500 patient that take Xarelto. Some of these develop anaemia like a conseguence of the treatment, but only few of these presented major or minor bleendings. Among the 505 patients, anaemia was encountered in 21 patients (4%). Of these 21 patients, 10 had a concomitant bleeding (mainly with a gastrointestinal source), while in 11 patients (2%) no source of bleeding was found. Moreover, haemoglobin level drop in these 11 patients compared to the whole population was not attributable to age, sex, creatinine level or duration of treatment. This side effect could be explained by a chemical similarity with hydroxyurea and linezolid.