iarjpidIARJPIDIARJPID2789-6080https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjpid.2022.v01i01.003Molecular Confirmation of Adenovirus in Patients with Conjunctivitis, IraqA.S. MohammedAlbadryDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Wasit, Wasit, IraqBackground: Adenovirus conjunctivitis (Ad-CS) is a common viral eye infection worldwide. Diagnosis is often made based on clinical signs that characterized by the low diagnostic accuracy; hence, PCR offers a rapid, highly specific and more sensitive means of diagnosis by detecting the adenovirus DNA. Aim: To confirm of Ad-CS in patients undergo conjunctivitis and suspected clinically to be infected with the virus. Materials and Methods: Totally, 85 patients having ophthalmic and nasopharyngeal infections attended to the Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital (Kut-Wasit province) and diagnosed clinically to be infected with Ad-CS were subjected to collection of intraocular conjunctival swabs under aseptic conditions. The DNAs were extracted from these swabs, amplified and tested by the conventional PCR assay at 300 bp. Results: An overall 49 (57.65%) positive samples were detected among the examined study populations. Conclusions: Ad-Cs remains one of the most widely distributed and neglected viral diseases in Iraq. Molecular techniques offer many advantages in diagnosis of disease and confirmation of clinical symptoms. Since Ad-SC is highly contagious and usually presents a considerable cost, routine molecular testing of suspected cases will provide additional insight. Furthermore, studies appear necessary due to the low available data for annual incidence of infection and the worldwide absence of licensed therapy.